Unu din trei angajati romani primeste bonuri de masa
Joi, 10 Iulie 2008, ora 23:17
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La zece ani dupa aparitia legii privind
acordarea bonurilor de masa - pe 9 iulie 1998 - piata de tichete s-a
diversificat si este dominata in proportie de 95% de trei mari emitenti: Accor
Services, Sodexho si Cheque Dejeuner. Astazi, in Romania exista cinci tipuri de
tichete, insa 90% dintre cele emise sunt tichete de masa, ne-a spus Cristina
Hlinschi, director de marketing si comunicare la Accor Services Romania. Pentru
bonurile acordate, angajatorul nu plateste nimic la stat, deoarece sunt
deductibile fiscal si nu se percepe impozit pe valoarea lor. Pot acorda insa
tichete de masa, cadou, de cresa etc. doar firmele care nu au datorii catre
bugetul de stat sau cele locale. In Romania sunt utilizate cinci tipuri de
tichete.
> Tichete de masa. Cunoscute si ca
„bonuri de masa“, au valoarea de 7,88 lei fiecare si se pot acorda pentru
fiecare zi lucrata. Nu sunt impozitate. Valoarea lor creste o data la sase
luni, in functie de scumpirile alimentelor. Se folosesc pentru plata produselor
alimentare sau pentru plata consumatiei la cantine si restaurante.
> Tichete cadou. Se acorda angajatilor
de Sarbatori (Craciun, Paste, 1 Iunie, 8 Martie) si nu se impoziteaza daca nu
depasesc 150 de lei pe beneficiar. Sumele alocate tichetelor cadou nu trebuie sa
depas easca plafonul de 2% din valoarea cheltuielilor cu salariile
personalului. Cu tichetele cadou pot fi cumparate diferite produse: de la imbracaminte,
carti, cosmetice pana la mobilier.
> Tichete de cresa. Au valoarea de 330
lei pe luna si nu se plateste niciun impozit pe ele. Se acorda mamelor care
revin la locul de munca, pana cand copilul implineste 2 ani, sau tatalui, daca
e singurul angajat in familie. Se folosesc pentru plata taxelor de cresa.
> Tichete de ingrijiri medicale. Nu se
impoziteaza daca se acorda angajatilor in limita de 2% din fondul de salarii.
Este o alternativa la abonamentul la o clinica privata.
> Tichete de asistenta sociala. Sunt
acordate prin autoritati publice, ONG-uri, fundatii si asociatii nonprofit,
categoriilor defavorizate sau persoanelor care au suferit in urma unor calamitati
naturale.
STRATEGIE DE RESURSE UMANE
Avantaje pe langa salariu
Pe o piata a muncii din ce in ce mai dura,
angajatii lupta pentru salarii si avantaje mai mari, in timp ce companiile incearca
din rasputeri sa atraga specialisti si sa ii fidelizeze. Cresterea economica
din ultimii ani a creat un mediu propice pentru aparitia multor firme.
Acestea au nevoie de personal calificat, pe
care incearca sa il atraga de la concurenta, insa fara a scoate foarte multi
bani din buzunar. Numitorul comun in acest „razboi“ dintre angajati si angajatori
il reprezinta bonusurile si beneficiile pe care le primeste angajatul pe langa
salariu. Potrivit studiului PayWell, realizat anul trecut de Pricewaterhouse
Coopers, la care au raspuns reprezentanti din 187 de companii din 11 sectoare
de activitate, ponderea beneficiilor si a bonusurilor in structura pachetului
salarial este in crestere pe an ce trece.
Urmatorul nivel: excursiile platite de firma
In topul beneficiilor acordate cel mai des
de companii se regasesc tichetele de masa, preferate de 72% dintre respondenti,
indica studiul citat. Alaturi de acestea, unii salariati primesc pensii din
partea firmei, abonamente la o clinica privata sau asigurari, in timp ce altii
pleaca in excursii platite de companie sau primesc un abonament la o sala de
sport ori la piscina. Participarea la profitul societatii sau oferirea unui
pachet de actiuni functioneaza ca o motivare mai puternica pentru salariati. O
tendinta in randul companiilor este sa le creeze angajatilor un mediu cat mai
placut la locul de munca, sustin specialistii in resurse umane. Spatiile de
relaxare de la birou, un program de lucru flexibil si asistenta pentru copiii
angajatilor se inscriu pe aceasta linie si contribuie la cresterea productivitatii,
retinandu-i totodata pe angajati in firma.
PROIECT DE LEGE
Tichetele de vacanta, de cativa ani in
chinurile facerii
Incepand de anul viitor, avem toate sansele
ca piata bonurilor sa devina mai bogata cu un nou tip de tichete: cele de vacanta.
Proiectul de lege privind aceste tichete este in dezbateri de cativa ani buni, insa,
deocamdata, sindicatele, patronatele si autoritatile nu au ajuns la un numitor
comun. Proiectul prevede crearea unui fond comun in care sa cotizeze atat
firma, cat si salariatul, iar cu acesti bani angajatii sa-si faca vacantele la
unul dintre hotelurile din Romania. Proiectul de act normativ a trecut de Senat
si se afla in discutie la comisiile Camerei Deoputatilor, care este decizionala.
„Scopul principal al proiectului este recuperarea fortei de munca, insa va avea
si efectul de dezvoltare a turismului“, ne-a spus Bogdan Hossu, presedintele
Cartel Alfa. El este de parere ca aceasta propunere legislativa ar putea primi
avizele necesare si votul final in aceasta toamna.
Reprezentantii companiilor care emit
tichete se asteapta ca numarul utilizatorilor sa creasca cu 10%-20% in anii
care urmeaza, in special pe segmentul tichetelor cadou. Odata cu aparitia pe
scara larga a creselor, vor fi tot mai cerute si bonurile de cresa. Comparativ
cu alte tari insa, mai avem multe de facut. De exemplu, parintii din Marea
Britanie primesc vouchere pentru copiii de pana la 12 ani. Francezii primesc
bonuri finantate partial de firma, partial de stat, cu care platesc
instalatorul, electricianul, zugravul sau menajera, obligandu-i astfel pe acestia
sa nu mai munceaca la negru.
Sursa: Business24